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	<title>Comments on: When Information is NOT the Answer</title>
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	<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/</link>
	<description>The Business Impact of IT</description>
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		<title>By: lihaoxj16</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-19649</link>
		<dc:creator>lihaoxj16</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Mar 2010 13:30:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-19649</guid>
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		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.moretiffany.com" rel="nofollow">tiffany jewelry</a><br />Choose, buy and shop for on sale tiffany jewelry including Tiffany &#038; Co Silver Necklace, Pendants, Bangles, Bracelets, Earrings, Rings and Accessories.<br /><a href="http://www.moretiffany.com" rel="nofollow">tiffany co</a><br /><a href="http://www.ustiffanyshop.com" rel="nofollow">Tiffany Jewellery</a> offering bangle Jewellery, bracelet jewelry, eardrop jewelry, necklace jewelry, ring jewelry, finger ring jewelry and earring jewelry<br /><a href="http://www.ustiffanyshop.com" rel="nofollow">tiffany</a> <br /><a href="http://www.ustiffanyshop.com" rel="nofollow">tiffany and co</a> <br /><a href="http://www.linksofjewelry.com/" rel="nofollow">links of london</a><br /><a href="http://www.linksofjewelry.com/" rel="nofollow">links london</a><br />Tiffany Style Silver Jewelry: Rings, Earrings, Necklaces, Bracelets and more Tiffany Jewellery at low prices.</p>
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		<title>By: staffing225</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-19201</link>
		<dc:creator>staffing225</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Dec 2009 16:00:25 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Valuable information posted.&lt;br&gt;For more jobs visit  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.staffingpower.com&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.staffingpower.com&lt;/a&gt;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Valuable information posted.<br />For more jobs visit  <a href="http://www.staffingpower.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.staffingpower.com</a></p>
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		<title>By: driessen</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18626</link>
		<dc:creator>driessen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2009 10:32:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18626</guid>
		<description>Very interesting post, Andrew. I think we run into this daily. I just wanted to point to two books that underline the point you&#039;re making. One is &#039;Blink&#039; by Gladwell. And the other is &#039;The Social Life of Information&#039; by Seely Brown and Duguid. You&#039;ve definitely read them. In &#039;The social life&#039; they have that nice example of a control tower. The tower is fused with IT. But when they really tried to understand the PEOPLE that work in the tower and how they make decision, they arrived at interesting results. These people used sticky notes, easily processed loads of data, etc.&lt;br&gt;And &#039;Blink&#039; is loaded with examples of &#039;split second decisions&#039;. Based on processing lots of information in the past, becoming expert at something. Gladwell shows that some can make good decisions even though all the (objective/general) information in the world seems to be against them.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Very interesting post, Andrew. I think we run into this daily. I just wanted to point to two books that underline the point you&#39;re making. One is &#39;Blink&#39; by Gladwell. And the other is &#39;The Social Life of Information&#39; by Seely Brown and Duguid. You&#39;ve definitely read them. In &#39;The social life&#39; they have that nice example of a control tower. The tower is fused with IT. But when they really tried to understand the PEOPLE that work in the tower and how they make decision, they arrived at interesting results. These people used sticky notes, easily processed loads of data, etc.<br />And &#39;Blink&#39; is loaded with examples of &#39;split second decisions&#39;. Based on processing lots of information in the past, becoming expert at something. Gladwell shows that some can make good decisions even though all the (objective/general) information in the world seems to be against them.</p>
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		<title>By: rajatparwal</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18532</link>
		<dc:creator>rajatparwal</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2009 22:29:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18532</guid>
		<description>Zara&#039;s case is good from one perspective that organisation has a culture of making decision at tactical levels. But, Zara might be trading off by taking skilful and costly managers. It is good to see their business model embracing customer&#039;s needs and customer&#039;s requirements at different levels. But, important question is- How long?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I would not consider &quot;Information&quot; to be useless or not giving good answers. If sense making could answer all the problems why would new technologies be invented (concept of variety is important here: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techrust.com/humane/us-and-machines&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.techrust.com/humane/us-and-machines&lt;/a&gt; ). Also, if being close to customer was the answer, smaller businesses would have flourished at faster pace. In fact I would disagree to the fact that Zara&#039;s logic of supplying material at fast pace can keep customers satisfied too long, as Customer themselves are very well informed about the products (so many market comparison sites have popped up in the internet space)! It&#039;s a classical situation in which DATA vaccum is working fine for NOW. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;One of the most slanderous argument made by Analysts: &quot;Over-analysis leads to paralyses and sometimes information overload can be painful&quot;. I would counter-argue these statements by asking again- WHAT was analysed, WHY was it analysed, WHEN was it analysed and HOW was it analysed. If the process design let the DATA pass all these filters, useful INFOMRATION was translated to higher levels, else, it was meaningless DATA (not Information). That&#039;s why I disagreed with the name of your post. I believe you, like other analysts, confused Information with data.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Also, I would like to draw your attention towards &quot;Concept of Strategy&quot; at different levels. Zobaggy has pointed out what happens at different levels (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hcss.nl/en/download/176/file/MilitaireSpectator2007June.pdf&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.hcss.nl/en/download/176/file/Militai...&lt;/a&gt;). When it is difficult to achieve Ends by the Means (available), different behaviours are observed at different levels, with increased level of complexities. What worked as &#039;simple rule&#039; is again one of the states called &quot;Strategy as Rules&quot;, but there are even harder points, edges of Chaos, which needs a wider perception of understanding and deeper logic of problem solving. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Arie de Geus, MD of Shell, talked about importance of Memory of future in his book- The Living Company. He said, &quot;Managers can see the signals for change in time.&quot; But I would add that managers also need &quot;powerful tools&quot; to SEE these signals from future and logically change it to meaningful information to act proactively in a pacefully changing environment. Pragmatic thinkers like DeBono, explained Seeing-Exploring-Judging as an important tool for decision making and I would say that information helps to take step1 and technology enables to store this information as memory of future. In the end it&#039;s the people of the organisation, who can make decisions and trade off before eliminating the options I have explained.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Zara&#39;s case is good from one perspective that organisation has a culture of making decision at tactical levels. But, Zara might be trading off by taking skilful and costly managers. It is good to see their business model embracing customer&#39;s needs and customer&#39;s requirements at different levels. But, important question is- How long?</p>
<p>I would not consider &#8220;Information&#8221; to be useless or not giving good answers. If sense making could answer all the problems why would new technologies be invented (concept of variety is important here: <a href="http://www.techrust.com/humane/us-and-machines" rel="nofollow">http://www.techrust.com/humane/us-and-machines</a> ). Also, if being close to customer was the answer, smaller businesses would have flourished at faster pace. In fact I would disagree to the fact that Zara&#39;s logic of supplying material at fast pace can keep customers satisfied too long, as Customer themselves are very well informed about the products (so many market comparison sites have popped up in the internet space)! It&#39;s a classical situation in which DATA vaccum is working fine for NOW. </p>
<p>One of the most slanderous argument made by Analysts: &#8220;Over-analysis leads to paralyses and sometimes information overload can be painful&#8221;. I would counter-argue these statements by asking again- WHAT was analysed, WHY was it analysed, WHEN was it analysed and HOW was it analysed. If the process design let the DATA pass all these filters, useful INFOMRATION was translated to higher levels, else, it was meaningless DATA (not Information). That&#39;s why I disagreed with the name of your post. I believe you, like other analysts, confused Information with data.</p>
<p>Also, I would like to draw your attention towards &#8220;Concept of Strategy&#8221; at different levels. Zobaggy has pointed out what happens at different levels (<a href="http://www.hcss.nl/en/download/176/file/MilitaireSpectator2007June.pdf" rel="nofollow"></a><a href="http://www.hcss.nl/en/download/176/file/Militai.." rel="nofollow">http://www.hcss.nl/en/download/176/file/Militai..</a>.). When it is difficult to achieve Ends by the Means (available), different behaviours are observed at different levels, with increased level of complexities. What worked as &#39;simple rule&#39; is again one of the states called &#8220;Strategy as Rules&#8221;, but there are even harder points, edges of Chaos, which needs a wider perception of understanding and deeper logic of problem solving. </p>
<p>Arie de Geus, MD of Shell, talked about importance of Memory of future in his book- The Living Company. He said, &#8220;Managers can see the signals for change in time.&#8221; But I would add that managers also need &#8220;powerful tools&#8221; to SEE these signals from future and logically change it to meaningful information to act proactively in a pacefully changing environment. Pragmatic thinkers like DeBono, explained Seeing-Exploring-Judging as an important tool for decision making and I would say that information helps to take step1 and technology enables to store this information as memory of future. In the end it&#39;s the people of the organisation, who can make decisions and trade off before eliminating the options I have explained.</p>
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		<title>By: dagblakstad</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18526</link>
		<dc:creator>dagblakstad</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 15:29:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18526</guid>
		<description>My view may be biased towards &quot;long tail thinking&quot;, because I&#039;ve just finished reading the book (late adopter). By not relaying on data (favoring the hits), Zara&#039;s way of manufacturing promotes clothes in the tail. Since most fashion clothes is only sold for a short period, it is crucial to be the first one to provide them. Some of Zara&#039;s offerings sure will move to the head, but many of them will probably not sell that much individually. By beating the competition, by relying on cheap and fast manufacturing they can afford to offer both tail- and head offerings. I guess this way of doing clothes business is much more interesting for both employees and their customers which can check out different clothes at each store.&lt;br&gt;My daughter visited a couple of Zara stores, and she was very pleased with them.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My view may be biased towards &#8220;long tail thinking&#8221;, because I&#39;ve just finished reading the book (late adopter). By not relaying on data (favoring the hits), Zara&#39;s way of manufacturing promotes clothes in the tail. Since most fashion clothes is only sold for a short period, it is crucial to be the first one to provide them. Some of Zara&#39;s offerings sure will move to the head, but many of them will probably not sell that much individually. By beating the competition, by relying on cheap and fast manufacturing they can afford to offer both tail- and head offerings. I guess this way of doing clothes business is much more interesting for both employees and their customers which can check out different clothes at each store.<br />My daughter visited a couple of Zara stores, and she was very pleased with them.</p>
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		<title>By: rotkapchen</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18521</link>
		<dc:creator>rotkapchen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2009 00:51:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18521</guid>
		<description>&quot;forecasting isn’t general knowledge (the kind that can be digitized), it’s specific knowledge (the kind that can’t)&quot; Love this story. Thanks for this data point : )&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;It reinforces one of the critical elements missing from most initiatives (where they &#039;do&#039; make sense) = the real-world research to validate the assumptions.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;As to &quot;classic market data&quot; -- that&#039;s a whole &#039;nuther can&#039;o-worms. We&#039;ve been having several in-depth conversations about most of the key metrics being used not being relevant to the specific business model (&lt;a href=&quot;http://twurl.nl/2txzo0&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://twurl.nl/2txzo0&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Again, assessing the relevance is a matter of &#039;design&#039; and the related research of what makes sense for the business to best preserve their lifeblood -- connection to their customers.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;forecasting isn’t general knowledge (the kind that can be digitized), it’s specific knowledge (the kind that can’t)&#8221; Love this story. Thanks for this data point : )</p>
<p>It reinforces one of the critical elements missing from most initiatives (where they &#39;do&#39; make sense) = the real-world research to validate the assumptions.</p>
<p>As to &#8220;classic market data&#8221; &#8212; that&#39;s a whole &#39;nuther can&#39;o-worms. We&#39;ve been having several in-depth conversations about most of the key metrics being used not being relevant to the specific business model (<a href="http://twurl.nl/2txzo0" rel="nofollow">http://twurl.nl/2txzo0</a>).</p>
<p>Again, assessing the relevance is a matter of &#39;design&#39; and the related research of what makes sense for the business to best preserve their lifeblood &#8212; connection to their customers.</p>
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		<title>By: jmcaddell</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18509</link>
		<dc:creator>jmcaddell</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 19:27:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18509</guid>
		<description>Still thinking about this post, because it raises a lot of interesting questions, but I&#039;d take issue with the way you say one thing about Zara: &quot;It has moved decisionmaking very low in the organization.&quot; I might rephrase that by writing &quot;Zara has moved decisionmaking out near the customer interface.&quot; The most relevant quality of the Zara decisionmakers is not their place in the hierarchy, it is their proximity to the customers, their habits, stories and desires.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I do think there are ways to harness this &quot;specific&quot; data, share it and even make collaborative decisions with it. There&#039;s a middle ground between huge objective numbercrunching and improvisational decisions out in the field, and in that middle ground (which is very untended today) is a lot of insight that can help both executives and first-line managers.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Still thinking about this post, because it raises a lot of interesting questions, but I&#39;d take issue with the way you say one thing about Zara: &#8220;It has moved decisionmaking very low in the organization.&#8221; I might rephrase that by writing &#8220;Zara has moved decisionmaking out near the customer interface.&#8221; The most relevant quality of the Zara decisionmakers is not their place in the hierarchy, it is their proximity to the customers, their habits, stories and desires.</p>
<p>I do think there are ways to harness this &#8220;specific&#8221; data, share it and even make collaborative decisions with it. There&#39;s a middle ground between huge objective numbercrunching and improvisational decisions out in the field, and in that middle ground (which is very untended today) is a lot of insight that can help both executives and first-line managers.</p>
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		<title>By: jmcaddell</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18508</link>
		<dc:creator>jmcaddell</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 19:24:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18508</guid>
		<description>Still thinking about this post, because it raises a lot of interesting questions, but I&#039;d take issue with the way you say one thing about Zara: &quot;It has moved decisionmaking very low in the organization.&quot; I might rephrase that by writing &quot;Zara has moved decisionmaking out near the customer interface.&quot; The most relevant quality of the Zara decisionmakers is not their place in the hierarchy, it is their proximity to the customers, their habits, stories and desires.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I do think there are ways to harness this &quot;specific&quot; data, share it and even make collaborative decisions with it. There&#039;s a middle ground between huge objective numbercrunching and improvisational decisions out in the field, and in that middle ground (which is very untended today) is a lot of insight that can help both executives and first-line managers.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Still thinking about this post, because it raises a lot of interesting questions, but I&#39;d take issue with the way you say one thing about Zara: &#8220;It has moved decisionmaking very low in the organization.&#8221; I might rephrase that by writing &#8220;Zara has moved decisionmaking out near the customer interface.&#8221; The most relevant quality of the Zara decisionmakers is not their place in the hierarchy, it is their proximity to the customers, their habits, stories and desires.</p>
<p>I do think there are ways to harness this &#8220;specific&#8221; data, share it and even make collaborative decisions with it. There&#39;s a middle ground between huge objective numbercrunching and improvisational decisions out in the field, and in that middle ground (which is very untended today) is a lot of insight that can help both executives and first-line managers.</p>
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		<title>By: Tom Eisenmann</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18507</link>
		<dc:creator>Tom Eisenmann</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 16:38:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18507</guid>
		<description>Great post! Citing Don Sull&#039;s recent FT posts reminded me of a Harvard Business Review article, Strategy as Simple Rules, that he wrote with Kathy Eisenhardt (Jan. 2001). They argued that in turbulent environments, companies should formulate strategy using a few simple rules, rather than relying on comprehensive planning processes. They don&#039;t say whether firms that rely on simple rules tend to make relatively light use of market data, as in your Zara example, but the converse is certainly true: comprehensive planning clearly requires LOTS of data. It&#039;d be interesting to explore whether Zara uses simple rules and whether we can generalize about the type of IT capability that best supports the use of simple rules.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great post! Citing Don Sull&#39;s recent FT posts reminded me of a Harvard Business Review article, Strategy as Simple Rules, that he wrote with Kathy Eisenhardt (Jan. 2001). They argued that in turbulent environments, companies should formulate strategy using a few simple rules, rather than relying on comprehensive planning processes. They don&#39;t say whether firms that rely on simple rules tend to make relatively light use of market data, as in your Zara example, but the converse is certainly true: comprehensive planning clearly requires LOTS of data. It&#39;d be interesting to explore whether Zara uses simple rules and whether we can generalize about the type of IT capability that best supports the use of simple rules.</p>
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		<title>By: Venkat</title>
		<link>http://andrewmcafee.org/2009/07/information-is-not-the-answer/comment-page-1/#comment-18506</link>
		<dc:creator>Venkat</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2009 16:18:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewmcafee.org/?p=984#comment-18506</guid>
		<description>This is a view I strongly resonate with, and I am perhaps more extreme than you. There is work in cognitive science (eg. Gerd Gigerenzer, &quot;Gut Feelings&quot; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amazon.com/Gut-Feelings-Intelligence-Gerd-Gigerenzer/dp/0670038636&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.com/Gut-Feelings-Intelligence...&lt;/a&gt;) that highlights how too much information can make decision-making worse. Even &quot;relevance filtration&quot; etc. are suspect strategies, because relevance criteria come from mental models that in turn represent preconceived patterns of thought. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;So there is a strong trade-off in being a data-driven decision-maker and a strong instinctive decisionmaker. The right way to break this tradeoff is to aim to deliberately present limited information in somewhat disorganized/random ways so that there is room for some creative right-brained pattern-recognition to happen. The disorganization serves to scramble any preconceived models that might be loaded in your RAM.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;A simple example is the presentation of a table. Size is not the only variable (depending on the context, you may need 7 or 7 million...). Ordering is important too. Any rational sort on some column biases the mind to think in certain ways. There are advantages to random or otherwise arbitrary (eg. lexical order) presentation (which is why browsing libraries is still more fun than following an Amazon recommendation trail. Libraries sometimes juxtapose things in interesting random ways).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a view I strongly resonate with, and I am perhaps more extreme than you. There is work in cognitive science (eg. Gerd Gigerenzer, &#8220;Gut Feelings&#8221; <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Gut-Feelings-Intelligence-Gerd-Gigerenzer/dp/0670038636" rel="nofollow"></a><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Gut-Feelings-Intelligence.." rel="nofollow">http://www.amazon.com/Gut-Feelings-Intelligence..</a>.) that highlights how too much information can make decision-making worse. Even &#8220;relevance filtration&#8221; etc. are suspect strategies, because relevance criteria come from mental models that in turn represent preconceived patterns of thought. </p>
<p>So there is a strong trade-off in being a data-driven decision-maker and a strong instinctive decisionmaker. The right way to break this tradeoff is to aim to deliberately present limited information in somewhat disorganized/random ways so that there is room for some creative right-brained pattern-recognition to happen. The disorganization serves to scramble any preconceived models that might be loaded in your RAM.</p>
<p>A simple example is the presentation of a table. Size is not the only variable (depending on the context, you may need 7 or 7 million&#8230;). Ordering is important too. Any rational sort on some column biases the mind to think in certain ways. There are advantages to random or otherwise arbitrary (eg. lexical order) presentation (which is why browsing libraries is still more fun than following an Amazon recommendation trail. Libraries sometimes juxtapose things in interesting random ways).</p>
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